The Crippen Diaries - 2008 : May (1)
What do you want to do when you grow up...May 2008 (1)
Amy is 29 and lives alone in sheltered accommodation that has been specially provided for the mentally ill. One of the odd anomalies of the area in which I work is that, although we have poor psychiatric services, we have excellent sheltered accommodation both for the mentally ill and the elderly. Amy has what is called a “borderline personality disorder”. She was badly sexually abused as a young teenager by an uncle who is now in jail. You don’t want to know the details. She gets flash backs to that and so there is another label, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on her notes. She suffers from at times severe depression, sometimes with psychotic elements. Her mother died two years ago. Her father is still alive somewhere, but she has not seen him for years. There is a caring grandmother but she is now old and frail and in the early stages of dementia.
Amy has not seen her psychiatrist for over six months and, when he did see her, she did not feel she could talk to him so went into “very well, thank you” mode which he chose to take at face value. It’s easier. I have lost count of the number of overdoses Amy has taken; half a dozen at least. Usually her anti-depressants. She will take a good handful. She never takes paracetamol because, her care-co-ordinator says, she knows that would be dangerous. When she is depressed (frequently) she cuts herself on the forearms with a razor blade. Never deep enough to sever tendons but deep enough to cause permanent scarring. Her forearms are a mess.
Her CPN is good but has a large case load and so only sees Amy once a fortnight. She has told Amy that if ever she is really desperate, she should take herself to the local A and E department. She has done that once. She was told that there were no psychiatrists on site (there aren’t – the psychiatrists only provide a 9 to 5, Monday to Friday service) and the psychiatric nurse was at the other hospital. She was advised to go home and “see you doctor tomorrow.” So she did. She will not be troubling the A and E department again.
I have known Amy a long time, and she will talk to me. So I have been seeing a lot of her recently and I hope I am providing her with some support. But what about the psychiatric services? She has been under their care for years. Which of them is looking after her? No one, really. Starved of funds, the CMHT is dumbed down and not helpful. The government would say I am exaggerating. They would say there are three “health care professionals” involved with Amy. Her CPN, who does see her occasionally. And then there is her “care coordinator” - someone who works in social services though is not a trained social worker. It is a grandiose title and a classical bit of New Labour flummery. Amy is not getting much care, and so little “coordinating” is needed. I have seen Amy more than any other doctor, and no one has ever attempted to coordinate me. Finally, there is Sharon. Sharon works with several “clients” in the same accommodation. She does shopping, and some cleaning, and is usually around to have a coffee if Amy wants to talk. Sharon is kindness itself. She is a patient of mine. She is not a doctor or a nurse or a social worker. She has no qualifications in mental health, and would not dream of making diagnoses or interfering with medication. Because she is the least qualified member of the “team” it is essential in the modern world of New Labour that she has a title. Sharon is therefore Amy’s “key worker.”
Thus, Amy is a success for the mental health services. She has both a care-coordinator and a key worker.
What more could some one with serious mental health problems want?









24 Comments:
I am amazed and impressed that someone like Amy is able to get a place in sheltered housing. Certainly where I live and work this is not available. But one of the real problems is that the level of service you get depends on where you live. In the City I live for example, there are so many people with severe mental health problems that only very seriously ill people get any service.
I came across one women recently who had moved from an area of the country that was much richer to our City. She had a moderate learning disability that made everyday life a struggle, and she had had bouts of severe depression and self harm. Where she used to live she had lots of support including having activity scheduled for her every day such as 'courses', day centres and groups as well as a CPN. In our City she was shocked to be told she was entitled to absolutely nothing.
Also in our City people with personality disorders usually get no access to mental health services unless they have to be sectioned. This is because 'personality disorders are untreatable.'
I do get frustrated that as Dr. Crippen outlines, someone who is severely ill people may in theory be getting a range of services but in practice are receiving little that makes a positive impact. My partner has bipolar and has been psychotic, so I have seen first hand how useless the few services that have been provided, are actually at making a positive impact.
Incidentally all my partner gets is a 3 monthly appointment with a Psychiatrist where all that happens is that he checks blood tests have been done by the GP's practice and therefore that the medication can be continued.
Yep, as I say, good housing where I am, which is great.
New Labour has done a brilliant job in cutting psychiatric services whilst at the same time appearing to do them. They do this by concentrating on PROCESS rather than content. A "care coordinator" (£30k a year with pension) who has no one to coordinate. A "key worker" who has no medical skills and is therefore cheap. To be fair, "AMy's" Key worker could not be kinder, and it works well when Amy is well. But when she gets ill, the key worker does not have the requistie skills.
John
Ah yes but all the boxes are ticked. And you know as well as I do, that is what really counts.
I used to meet with a 'care co-ordinator' for of my patients with severe and enduring mental illness. As you say, a social care post, this guy used to be in charge of meals and wheels until he got sidelined in one of the many reorganisations in our local authority. No experience or qualifications in mental health or social care. He was as much use as tits on a boar.
OT: A while ago you posted about Esther Rantzen, her daughter, ME/CFS and the Lightning Process - in this article she does not appear to be promoting the LP.
I'm also amazed, my only experience of mental health services in my area is through that of friends, and is as you describe but without the sheltered accomodation, key workers etc.
I do know the situation for physical health is equally appalling. There is such a lack nationally of accessible housing that 'that nice little bungalow' everyone thinks should be provided by the local authority is an urban myth. Unless, whilst still in your 20's you will agree to sit on a waiting list for sheltered accomodation with the elderly.
The whole problem is only set to get worse, the Welfare Reform Act will target those with mental health issues as a mainstay of the 1 million supposedly to be removed from benefits along with pretty much anyone else the govt feel like, oh except those committing fraud because as you can see from Wat Tyler's recent piece the true fraud problems are within other benefits, housing, income support etc and often aren't even that fraudulent as overpayments are a DWP mistake.
Far better though to carry on insisting the govt will deal with those scummy ill people committing benefit fraud, as it will only be you GP's who end up having to deal with the fallout from that too. Surely the govt wouldn't want to be killing two birds with one stone here?
Bendy Girl
I do fear bendy girl that genuinely mentally ill people will be targeted in the review. After all if you are struggling with day to day life, you are far less likely to turn up at appointments when you are supposed to, and be able to articulate how ill you really are.
However, I do personally know people who admit that they they are really unemployed, but have managed to persuade their GP to sign them off sick so that they get more benefits. Tactics have included feigning deep depression to the GP. So I think there is a genuine issue is there.
Dear Ruth
Where I live people with Personality Disorders can't be sectioned unless they have a co-morbid mental illness. It is highly unlikely that Amy would get access to sheltered accomodation here. If she stepped out of line in public places she would most likely be criminalised. Court diversion from CJS is not offered even though Home Office Circular 66/90 demands it.
see also Mental Health Order (N Ireland 1986)
"the psychiatrists only provide a 9 to 5, Monday to Friday service"
Now that, in all it's stark inadequacy, is lunacy and madness.
"But what about the psychiatric services? She has been under their care for years."
No. As you say, she hasn't been in receipt of care appropriate to her clinical need. I'd concede you could argue she's been in receipt of malign care for years.
But, at least in your patch, general adult services can generate appropriate supported accommodation.
Anonymous, "personality disorder" is (legally) a mental illness. The Mental Health Act 1983 for England and Wales allows compulsory admission and treatment of mental illness. The new ammendments, coming in to force fully this November, don't change this. Treatability of personality disorder can involve antipsychotics. Every hospital has antipsychotics. Thus, every hospital can claim to be in a position to offer treatment (even if it's not all treatment). As such it's perfectly lawful for folk with "personality disorder" as a diagnosis to be detained under the MHA 1983 and compulsorily treated under Part IV of the Act. Legally, that is. Ethically and clinically, that's a different argument.
Hi Shrink
i feel bad when you comment on these posts - clearly you do not work in my area. But it is as it is, I'm afraid. We have however as I have recently written finally got a really good psycho-geriatrician (not yet another locum with poor english) who has transformed the services for the older mentally ill.
It just shows what one keen conscientious consultant can achieve
John
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The shrink said -"personality disorder" is (legally) a mental illness. The Mental Health Act 1983 for England and Wales allows compulsory admission and treatment of mental illness.
As I said in my post NOT WHERE I LIVE, which is Northern Ireland. Here the Mental Health Order 1986 (NI order in council applies) & not the 1983 Mental Health Act England & Wales.
So personality disorder is NOT a mental illness & as the local branch of RCPsych state - no plans to change.
So if the patient does not have a comorbid mental illness god help the poor doctor who gets caught on detaining & treating PD patients.
"Effectiveness of Partial Hospitalization in the Treatment of Borderline Personality
Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial" is posted at ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/156/10/1563>.
More striking than how well the mentalization-based treatment group did was how badly the treatment-as-usual group" fared despite extensive treatment, wrote study authors Anthony Bateman, M.D., and Peter Fonagy, Ph.D. "They look little better on many indicators than they did at 36 months after recruitment to the study. A few patients in the mentalization-based treatment group had made at least one suicide attempt during the postdischarge period, but this was almost 10 times more common in the treatment-as-usual group.
Fonagy has also written an article that his mentalization based therapy is value for money. So why is it still not widely available?
I find it hard for my patients to know that there are evidenced based treatments, but that I can't offer them. It doesn't feel right.
"Treatment" for enduring mental health issues is hard to obtain. Here, as in many other areas, "personality disorders" are viewed as "untreatable". I'm proof that isn't the case - after much, much struggling I accessed psychotherapy and it HAS made a difference. I was lucky - and fortunate enoguh to be articulate, intelligent and bloody minded. I keep on niggling away at my misnamed "Trust" for the sake of those who can't fight for themselves. It may achieve nothing, but I am doing what I can.
It isn't right. It really isn't right. But mental health really is the Cinderella of the NHS - I suspect the wish is that we would disappear.
As others have said, the supported accommodation in your area is a lot better than in many. Amy would be unlikely to get supported accommodation in our area. If she did, the support would be way less than Sharon is providing.
A friend of my daughter's moved to "supported" housing. Her "care coordinator" ( a drippy and overwhelmed social worker who obviously hates the system as much as her unfortunate clients) only visited once, rang the bell and didn't wait the few minutes that it took S to pluck up courage to come down the three flights of stairs to answer it. As she had had a course of DBT she isn't entitled to a CPN -apparently she has the tools and she now has to use them. Her version of Sharon came to collect the rent, found her lonely and hungry and took her out for a milk shake at the local cafe and was promptly disciplined for deviating from her allotted tasks and told never to do it again. Not surprisingly S did not last in her "shelter" and has had to come home to a less than desirable home situation with her mother, via A&E and the medical admissions unit for overdoses and burns. At least after that the powers that be did allow her to see the crisis team - her sweet locum psychiatrist had been unable to persuade these people to see her beforehand, as she has had a course of DBT and therefore has the tools....
Keyworker - a support worker with specific responsibilities for their allocated key clients. Named worker would be another term.
I believe in Scotland, the mental health act does not class personality disorder as a "treatable" mental illness either
As someone with bipolar disorder, I spend a fair bit of time online with a lot of other people with bipolar disorder. The contrast between the level of care provided in different parts of the country is ridiculous. Some people get weekly appointments even when apparently quite well and others seem to be dumped at the earliest opportunity even though it is blatantly obvious to everyone who knows them that they are quite ill.
I assume that the same applies to other mental illnesses.
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It's wonderful that you are being nice to her and listening to her concerns. So many of the folks in the mental health services are well meaning but the patient is viewed as a "problem" or a "case number" rather than a human being.
Someone giving a toss occasionally can really help.
"I have seen Amy more than any other doctor, and no one has ever attempted to coordinate me"
I have no love for the "re-configuration" i.e. cuts in services, and my only experience of a care co-ordinator has been extremely poor - but I do wonder quite how you would have reacted if such a person (who is probably not medically qualified) had attempted to coordinate you. Maybe they've decided to defer to your greater knowledge, or that discretion is the better part of valour.
It is a very sad state of affairs but if you spend any time in Africa and see AIDS orphans, child soldiers, raped children with fistulas it's hard to get all that worked up about a borderline that has a GP, an occasional psychiatrist or psych nurse, a social worker, a case manager , a key worker , a sheltered home and regular and easy access to an emergency room don't you think?
I mean it's all a bit ridiculous that it takes six people and a hospital to manage someone who suffered a distant trauma while eight year olds are raising what's left of their entire families after walking for miles to a refugee camp.
I sometimes think we all have completely lost all sense of proportion .
What we name a soul destroying tragedy deserving of life long dependence on social services is what a fifth of the world called Wednesday.
Tell your patient to be thankful every damned day she was born where she was, in a country that cared .
And maybe consider that because psychiatry is a hard and painful specialty not many doctors choose it so the few psychiatrists we do have are busy looking after people who are motivated to do more than leave a few scars on their arms when they are feeling a little low.
It's what happens when the medical profession decides that specialty practice is the goal, GPs and psychiatrists just aint cool to medical students so you are becoming a disappearing resource. And we all know what happens when resources get scarce, only the desperate get treatment.
What I wouldn't give to offer some of my kids in East Africa an hour with any doctor, forgot about mental health! I need wormer and polio vaccines, malaria medicine, bed nets.....it's hard to get to their mental trauma when they have life threatening diarrhea and all I have is pedialyte and hope.
I am not trashing your patient, her pain is real but good God can we get some sense of proportion here?
Yeah! She should just pull her socks up!
Compassion isn't a zero sum game.
Good article.Especially the language.We end up with a justice system again, where many innocent people are locked up again on the basis of an anonymous witness who may have a grudge financial interest etc in cooperating with the Police or whoever wants the defendant put away.
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My journey around the NHS with DID in list form:
604,080 emotional, physical and sexual assaults(very conservative estimate don't want to scare Joe public too much!).
1 patient no history of being violent, no recorded history of being violent and no criminal record.
No diagnosis
No treatment
No management
2 sexual assaults by healthcare professionals
2 physical assault by GPs
Seven years of continuous verbal abuse by GPs, consultants and nurses.
Public humiliation by reception staff.
1 verbal assault with physical intimidation by a Psychologist
Two refusals of psychiatric assessment.
1 flawed psychiatric assessment and refusal by the psychiatric services to change their recommendations for anti depressant treatment and assertiveness classes (maybe a bit too late)to treat mild anxiety and depression!?!
1 slanderous report by a psychologist
1 illegal clinical trial without informed consent by dubious GP
1 offer of "group therapy" - not the type of "group therapy" I was looking for!
1 offer of one year of individual therapy with a year long wait before commencement - but which individual considering their was no correct assessment or diagnosis!
1 terrified patient never going the hell back their again!
Private treatment for DID in list form:
1 self diagnosis via google
1 confirmed diagnosis by counsellor having spoken to most of my alters
1 open minded and patient GP
Ten thousand pounds
Three years of ongoing but highly successful treatment for a undiagnosed personality disorder. 70% improvement in functioning.
1 kissing of the blarney stone
1 patient not dead
1 sold house to cover the costs of treatment.
1 Thank you prayer to God for being one of the lucky ones.
The advantages of being a perpetrator of child abuse in list form:
1 marriage
Several friendships
1 job
1 house and own car
1 holiday abroad each year
1 healthy bank account including nice pension, savings account and investments
1 set of good health and good clinical care
1 clean criminal record it won't stand up in court
...and 1 choice...
eany, meany, miney, mo... which child shall I...
Thanks Gordon for neglecting and failing victims of child abuse at every level and in every service and every area of their lives!
Joe public was shocked by the death of baby "P" and rightly so.
So go on then Gordon tell Joe public what happens to victims of child abuse who survive and grow up.
Or maybe not, it would make pretty grim reading on the "Time to Change" website!
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